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Introduction
The G20 brings together leaders of the largest economies of the world to discuss financial and socioeconomic issues, forming a platform for collective and effective cooperation.
As time progresses towards the Summit, the country that holds the presidency arranges for meetings to take place on ministerial level, also involving senior government officials and civil society representatives. The government level operates into the Finance and Sherpa Tracks, while civil society meets as Engagement Groups. The Finance track looks at fiscal and monetary policy issues, including global economy, infrastructure, financial regulation, and financial inclusion. The Sherpa Track explores socioeconomic issues as anti-corruption, climate, digital economy, education, employment, and energy.
The Presidency Agenda and The Leaders’ Summit
While each G20 Presidency establishes a theme to work around and focus the international discussions on, Saudi Arabia has chosen: Realizing Opportunities of the 21st Century for All. The world today faces many environmental, demographic, economic, and technological challenges, which can only be resolved through the global cooperation based on mutually beneficial solutions. The members G20 may have different economic and social and priorities, but they all share interests in addressing these challenges.
The position of Saudi Arabia is considered unique, because it is at the heart of nearby emerging and developed markets, and it is undertaking major transformation through its Vision 2030. Locally, the Kingdom has been in the process of implementing reforms that aim to lift economic growth, empower the youth and women, pursue quality partnerships, and diversify the economy. Through its presidency, it focused on delivering tangible actions, facilitating cooperation with relevant stakeholders, and supporting sustainable results-oriented perspectives. The Kingdom’s collective roadmap emphasizes 3 aims:
- Empowering People: improving accessibility to opportunities by all, including living and work conditions. This goal is to extend better quality of jobs, social protection, education, skills-cultivation to both women and youth.
- Safeguarding the Planet: the goal includes measurements such as; mitigating and adapting efforts in tacking the changing climate, encouraging the implementation of sustainable energy systems, and advancing the sustainability of water and food.
- Shaping New Frontiers: Saudi aims to open paths to create dialogues that explore new avenues for economic cooperation, adopt bold strategies that utilizes innovation, and encourage the advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, the G20 Leaders’ Summit will be held virtually, managed by the Saudi G20 Presidency. The virtual meeting will take place during 21-22 November, 2020. The G20 Summit participants are Heads of State or Government from 19 countries and the European Union, while also joined by leaders of guest countries and representatives of invited regional and international organizations.
The Engagement Groups
Civil society organizations communicate to the G20 leaders through eight G20 engagement groups, and they represent the scientific communities, the private sector, women and youth.
The Engagement Groups’ participate in the G20 process has always been important since the beginning of the presidency. In September alone, three EG concluded their activities for the year; L20, S20, and U20. The rest of the EGs were held in October; C20, Y20, W20, B20, and T20.