Territorial changes separation of Finland from Sweden,and Finland becoming an autonomous part of Russia 1808-1809 Russia had then
exercised the arbitrarily in its policies towards Finland, which led to the
declaration of independence unilaterally in 1917.
Geographical location:
Finland is located in
the far north of the European continent and its land area is aboutLand area is 338 434.73 km2 About 69 percent of Finland
is covered by forests and it has 187 thousand lakes, and 5100 rivers, and 180.000 islands, with a high
summit of Mount name is Haltitunturi (1328 meters), the geographical location of Finland has
a huge affect on the climate that is very cold throughout the year with some
spells of warmth during the very short summer season.
Islamic Side:
The Islamic community in Finland and Finnish Tatars account for 1 percent of the Finnish population. Tatars are the oldest Muslim minority in Finland and in Scandinavia as a whole, they are people of Turkish people with an Islamic faith. Their origins returns to Turkey and language that belong to a Turkish languages, they form a coherent religious minority and culturally and linguistically. Current ancestors of Tatars - form the basis of traditional society - they were traders Altaatrien who came from Russia at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the seventies of the nineteenth century - to the mid-twenties of the twentieth century and came to Finland from a group of 20 villages in the territory of Srjach on the Volga River to the south-east of the Nzina - Novgorod, which was previously known as Gorky province. Most of them were farmers, but they settled in Finland as traders in the fur trade in textiles and chose the first housing in Helsinki and surrounding areas.
Refugees and immigrants from the Muslim community:
Finland has seen since the beginning of the nineties of the last century exodus of refugees from Muslim countries
Many, has seen the number of members of the Muslim community in Finland amounted to a remarkable increase their numbers between 15 to 20 thousand by the year 1999 (and currently estimated at less than 40 thousand).
Finland has received refugees numbered 17.600 between the years 1973to 1999 the most prominent countries, Russia, Iraq, Iran and Somalia. As for the Somalis were selected by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees of the United Nations and the migration began in 1991to reach about 5000 per capita in 2002 as there are refugees from the former Yugoslavia and the Kurds from the Middle East. Finland has exceeded the increase in European countries of asylum applications, which increase from 1000-3000 more than a year to request that Denmark has a long history with asylum seekers.
In 1996 these groups united to establish the Union of Islamic associations and organizations in Finland, and the majority of mosques in Finland under the administration of the Union and aims to preserve the traditions of Islam, and the development of flexible cooperation between Muslims and external officials and institutes. The estimated number of Muslims who have converted to Islam in the hundreds and the vast majority of them women who have turned to Islam after marrying Muslims. Was published in Finnish translation of the Koran in 1995 and has been prepared by a Finnish learners of the language and Arab culture and recently published
a modern translation of the Quran in Finnish. The estimates of the numbers of the Muslim community made up of different ethnic groups in Finland:
• Somali (6267)
• Arabs (2600)
• Kurds (2560)
• Iranian (1685)
• Turks and Tatars (1357)
• Dairy (784)
• Thai (16)
• Other (522)
Economical and Cultural Side:
The economic side:
Finland follows a free market economy, which constitute the backbone of industry, and most important industries, wood, paper, heavy equipment, shipbuilding, ships, communications technology, materials and electrical and chemical industries, textiles and clothing.
Finland is the introduction of the European Union countries progress in the field of high-technology industries, eco-friendly, which is at the forefront of those that specialize in this area, so that the rate of per capita income in Finland comparable to rates in the large industrial countries like the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Italy.
With the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 , the Finnish economy's vulnerability went into a crisis and experienced a severe depression as a result of the collapse of the most important trading partner, then the Soviet Union, but Finland quickly got up and broke the economic markets to modern technology in the field of mobile and technology products.
The cultural side:
Finns like the Swedes and Norwegians people; conservative, lovers of nature and tranquility, lovers of art and literature in general. The founders of the Finnish literature, is the writer Elias Onrot (Lönnrot), also is Johann Ludwig RONNEBERG (Runeberg) and Arto Basilina (Paasilinna) One of the biggest writers of Finland. Franz received an Silanba (Sillanpää) and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1939 . Jean Sibelius (Sibelius) is the most important Finnish composer. In the sports field ice hockey is the most important winter sports practiced in Finland. Finland has hosted the Olympics in 1952 and starred in that period, the legendary Finnish runner Paavo Nurmi.
School education
Free and compulsory until the age of sixteen, and Finland is one of the first world-level school education (Pisa) and there are several universities in the country's most important of the University of Helsinki and Helsinki University of Technology and the University of Tampere.
Reach an average of 77 percent of Finns with age group (25-64 years) who have completed higher secondary education and professional development. And almost 35 percent of the same age group had completed college and above (and this is the rate in all EU countries).
Political Side:
The political system for republic of Finland is a presidential parliamentary one.
The President is responsible for the foreign policy, whereas that most of executive competences falls under the prime minister's capacities who is assigned by the parliament each four years,
Members of the parliament are the two hundred and they are elected every four years through free elections, and was last general elections performed month year 2011.
The political system consists of the presidential authority, the legislative authority (the parliament), and the executive authority (The Prime Minister).
